MUSIC (LingalaPop): Ingratitude by Madilu System

Facebook just reminded me that this is the comment I made exactly six years ago (on May 26th 2012) about Madilu System's Ingratitude clip:

Part of the evolving genre of "Congolese Music"; a genre which we of my generation grew up on in Nairobi's Eastlands ( as did our peers elsewhere in Kenya and East Africa generally) -- years ago now (as Time flies)

I shared it right there. I thought I should share it here, too, and not add a word more.

Click here to watch the Ingratitude clip

Key Concepts in Disaster and Emergency Management, Part 1 ~ A to M

1. INTRODUCTION

We live in a concept-mediated and concept-loaded world. We cannot escape concepts. Indeed, mixed into our physical Earth and its airy atmosphere is another sphere -- a component of a much larger sphere that I have elsewhere called the memetic sphere. Things of planet Earth, and of the universe at large, are of course out there in the material sphere (and ipso facto outside of the mind), but don't mean a thing to us until we process them in the mind and give them a name of sorts -- that is, until we thus attach to them a set or sets of concepts (that is, memes), which is the only viable path to actualizing our sense impressions. READ MORE

The purpose of this list is fairly straightforward. It is to zero in on concepts that are, thanks to informed conversations in a wide range of texts and media, key to pushing the agenda of disaster management in its widest sense. That is, to list the key concepts in alphabetical order, define them, and interrogate their potential for application in the rough-and-tumble of real emergency and disasters situations. As we go along, additional concepts will be added to those which initially in this Part 1 of a two-part series (which covers letters A to M of the alphabet), and which will soon follow in Part 2 (covering N to Z).


2. THE CONCEPTS

A to M:
Appraisal, Basic Needs, Chaos, Climate Change, Community, Conflict, Contamination, Contingency, Deforestation, Deployment, Desertification, Disaster, Early Warning, Emergency, Emergency Response Team (ERT), Entitlement, Expert/Abstract Systems, Famine, Global Warming, Government Service Packages (GSPs), Hazard, Hunger, Incident Command System (ICS), Indicator, Intelligence, Just-in-Time (JIT), Logistics, Management, Mitigation.


3. THE DEFINITIONS AND ELABORATIONS

Appraisal: This refers to the pre-implementation activity undertaken ahead of, and intended to inform, possible action in connection with a 'project', or a concerning situation. Such activity helps to generate the baseline information, or 'preliminary' data-set, essential to getting started with an actionable level of confidence. In emergency management, such a 'project' will address a natural or human-caused incident or contingency. This may be the onset of an epidemic or a livelihood-threatening weather condition. 


Basic Needs: Abraham Maslow's motivation theory, inextricably linked to his notion of 'hierarchy of needs', is an illuminating and still enticing approach to conversations about basic needs. Indeed, the 'twinning' of motivation and needs is practically unavoidable, regardless of the faults that one may find with either the theory or the hierarchy. At the bottom of his five-layer hierarchy are "physiological needs". Just above them are "safety needs". In this scheme of things, the most basic of all needs -- and READ MORE


Chaos: George Santayana is reported to have characterized chaos as "a name for any order that produces confusion in our minds". That is, the order or complexity that characterizes a phenomenon or process "out there" in the natural and social world may instead appear chaotic to the observer who does not have the wherewithal (tools, time, training, frame-of-mind or the like) to grasp its essential or 'below-the-surface' nature. READ MORE 


Climate Change: The concepts of climate change and global warming are, though distinct, frequently used interchangeably -- and perhaps too frequently. In reality, global warming precedes climate change, which is its logical and worrisome consequence. First the world's average temperature(s) begin to rise and gradually keep on rising, and then local and regional climate systems begin to change in manifest and quantifiable ways READ MORE


Community: In sociology, a community is typically a face-to-face group or 'aggregation' of families and individuals living in  relatively close proximity with each other and bound together by certain genealogical and/or 'social ties' as well as ecological/ geographical factors, or givens, to which their livelihoods are more or less physically tied. All of this generates reasons and opportunities for joint action at the local level, and READ MORE


Conflict: Ancient Chinese philosophers saw conflict as the ever-recurring dialectical cycle of Night and Day -- that is, of Yin and Yang. It was a 'fatal embrace' of sorts destined to always produce Tomorrow, and never yesterday. Plato, the Greek philosopher, likewise saw conflict as a dialectical engagement. In his case, it was a clash between good and evil; and, indeed, he held that "each thing has its evil and good". This dichotomy between 'good' and 'evil' or Self and Other READ MORE


Contamination: It is fairly common knowledge in science that this concept originated from the Latin word contaminat, which means "made impure" -- or "tainted with impurity". Of several definitions given in one English dictionary (The Free Dictionary), the most broadly-conceived gives us the idea of contamination as "The presence of foreign material that adulterates or renders impure a material the composition of which is thereby ..." READ MORE


Contingency: Generically, the term contingency refers to an event (or events) or variables or parameters likely in the 'foreseeable future' to impact upon, shape or influence, interfere with, or intervene in (a) an identified process, or (b) the operations of an open system. Contingencies are the ‘environmental’ factors capable of affecting the processes internal to an open system. Mapping contingency scenarios -- in terms of the most likely turn(s) of events -- is an invaluable exercise, and a READ MORE 


Deforestation: This refers to the widespread and long-term loss of tree-cover generally and mapped forest-zones in particular. Deforestation is accelerating in many places around the world, largely to growing human populations and the unrestrained use, and even plunder, of forest resources for household use and commercial purposes. Among these uses and purposes, as Sheila Reed (1992: 102-115) has pointed out, are: farming, livestock grazing, firewood collection and logging READ MORE


Deployment: Deployment is management action which involves sending (dispatching) an individual or team – that is, a contingency (or expeditionary) team or force – with certain 'self-contained' capabilities required to deal effectively with a specific ‘emergent’ problem; that is, an emergency.


Desertification: This is a long-term process brought about and sustained primarily by climate change. It occurs gradually in the form of a retreat of forest cover and grasslands in the wake of significantly diminished rains as well as the depletion of ground water. The causal factors in desertification are widely documented in scientific research. One thing is certain, however: the great deserts of the world -- such as the Sahara, the Gobi and the Middle East deserts -- are not the products of "the human READ MORE


Disaster: A disaster is a catastrophic/traumatic, critical and consequential result of an extreme form of emergency  which we didn't do anything about (to prevent or mitigate), or couldn't. The terms emergency and disaster are often used interchangeably, and confusingly, in "disaster management" conversations. An emergency is, in fact, solely the event in any distinction between an emergency and a disaster. An emergency is an emergent event, for sure, and by the same token READ MORE


Early Warning: All early warning actions or instances involve, in the first place, the identification by certified or acknowledged experts (or expert systems) -- or organizations -- of a likely or impending emergency or disaster event. Such identification increasingly involves a considerable amount of predictive analytics, though some warnings must be given on very short notice -- of a few days and sometimes even hours. Identification is of necessity followed by a notification , or the "sounding" of an READ MORE


Emergency: In addition to the conceptualization of an emergency, under the concept of Disaster, we can say that an emergency refers to any out of the ordinary event which threatens to do harm or actually does harm to human well-being, life and property; or to the natural environment. All disasters are emergencies, but not all emergencies are disasters. One definition, once offered by FEMA to a business gathering, is that an emergency is: "any unplanned [we may add, or planned] event that can cause READ MORE


Emergency Response Team (ERT): This is a small group of well-equipped individuals trained for rapid response (or deployment) to any one of a set of emergency hot-spots, or to a specific incidence or occurrence of an emergency situation (see, also, Incident Command System further down this page).


Entitlement: Amartya Sen introduced the concept of entitlement into conversations about food scarcity and famine. He pointed out that people suffer starvation not because of an absolute scarcity of food, but because of their lack of entitlement to it. In essence, vulnerability to famine is crucially a function of one's relative entitlement to food. In his book titled Poverty and Famines, he suggested four (clearly unequal) options for gaining access to food: (a) direct production, (b) food procurement READ MORE


Expert/Abstract Systems: These are systems (which increasingly subsume the notion of Artificial Intelligence, or AI) designed and built by technical or professional experts to (a) mimic and 'internalize' the expertise of experts and related rules of human reasoning, and (b) actualize semantic nets for classifying and organizing knowledge generated through such 'artificial' reasoning into 'actionable' forms and formats. All of this is intended to make key structures, processes and functions more READ MORE


Famine: This refers to widespread and systemic hunger, or more particularly starvation, that arises from acute and persisting food shortages in an area or a population. It is "the most severe and visible form of hunger" (Barbour and Dudley, 1995: 12). The main causes of famine have historically been such natural factors as drought, floods and related crop failures. However, as the two authors and others have argued, famine, wherever it occurs, has more recently become, primarily, a human-caused READ MORE



Global Warming: As already pointed out under Climate Change, global warming precedes climate change, which is thus its logical and worrisome consequence. First the world's average temperature(s) begin to rise and keep on rising, and then local and regional climate systems begin to change in manifest and quantifiable ways. Global warming is itself the direct effect of greenhouse gas emissions -- particularly the emission of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. These READ MORE


  
Government Service Packages (GSPs): The idea of GSP, which had been tried before in Sarajevo and elsewhere, really took off during the Rwanda genocide of 1994. As their name suggests, GSPs (sometimes called simply "Service Packages") were conceived of as "a last resort in exceptionally large emergencies" justifying the use of "military and civil defence assets" (UNHCR, 2000: 359). It was argued that the scale of GSP READ MORE

Hazard: A hazard is a potential source of harm to individuals, groups or a wide array of processes, systems or ‘things’ of crucial value to us as individuals, groups, communities, organizations, institutions or society. A hazard is a ‘benign’ threat ready to ‘happen’ at any 'opportune' time. As Kasperson and Pijawka (1985: 8) see it, “Hazards may be broadly defined as threats to humans and what they value – life, well-being, material goods, and environment”. In a way, a hazard exists "out there" READ MORE 


Hunger: It is the rarest of individuals who have never felt hungry at some point, between 'breakfast' and supper (or supper and 'breakfast'), during the recurrent 24-hour cycles of Earth Day. Feeling hungry, like feeling thirsty, is part of the human condition. It is the reason we routinely eat, or drink water. But the hunger that draws public attention is a significant threshold beyond that cycle; even though, unlike famine, it is generally individual-specific or household-specific, and more localized READ MORE 


Incident Command System (ICS): All forms of ICS, as well as ERT (mentined earlier), are by definition the results, implicit or explicit, of contingency planning and, even more importantly, accumulated experience in the "field". As pointed out in an earlier post on ICS: 

ICS is obviously a much-touted integrated solution, but a solution for what? ICS was never intended to prevent or reduce the occurrence of incidents -- emergencies or disasters of various kinds -- but to respond optimally to them after they READ MORE

Indicators: These are any measures, yardsticks, benchmarks, milestones or ‘proxies’ (quantitative and/or qualitative) used to document or represent (to stand for) or measure/'signal' the magnitude or attainment/achievement of an otherwise elusive target (or goal), event, phenomenon, problem or process. An indicator is a sign/signal or specification of status along a range of possible status-points -- which are in turn encapsulated in a specific standard or 'basket' of standards READ MORE


Intelligence: In "security" or safety terms, as broadly conceived -- and, by extension, outside of the field of psychology -- intelligence generally refers to any kind of information or set of data considered crucial to maintaining the status quo (and related advantages), overcoming threats to it, and/or gaining actionable advantage over identified barriers to desired goals. In a much-quoted passage, Stephen Hawking, leaning toward the psychological view and away from the "security" perspective, sees intelligence READ MORE 


Just-in-Time (JIT): Almost inextricably associated with Japanese manufacturing and transportation industries, the JIT principle is a crucially important component of savvy logistics management in war and peace -- and during all sorts of emergencies and disasters. The underlying idea is to reduce the temporal and financial costs of warehousing or storing of supplies, components or finished goods prior to intended use to near zero. JIT relies massively on the soundness of established transportation routes and READ MORE


Logistics: This is the art and science of moving, transporting and/or delivering things (material, hardware, equipment or supplies), services or even people across geographical space. Crucial considerations here include: efficiency, coordination, timeliness, security and cost; or, in general, the appropriateness of the means in relation to the mission. Vehicular breakdown and safety of passage are, likewise, always a twin-concern requiring management's 'unblinking' attention and capacity READ MORE


Management: According to Harry (2001: 16), management is a "description of what people who do the managing do". He closes the management loop by adding that, in general, the terms management and managers refer to "the people who do the managing." It follows that, in the context of disasters and emergencies, (disaster) management is a description of both what the people who manage them do, and of what kinds of people they are (in terms of skill-sets and broad social READ MORE


Mitigation: Mitigation alludes to proactive or preemptive measures or steps taken to minimize or reduce the impacts of specific incidents, emergencies or disasters before they actually occur, even when their occurrence is much anticipated -- that is, "around the corner". However, mitigation may also entail 'remedial' activities concurrent with the 'unfolding' event or situation against which they are directed. 


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

CONCEPT: Basic Needs

Basic Needs: Abraham Maslow's motivation theory, inextricably linked to his notion of 'hierarchy of needs', is an illuminating and still enticing approach to conversations about basic needs. Indeed, the 'twinning' of motivation and needs is practically unavoidable, regardless of the faults that one may find with either the theory or the hierarchy. 

At the bottom of his five-layer hierarchy are "physiological needs". Just above them are "safety needs". In this scheme of things, the most basic of all needs -- and "root drivers" of human action -- are physiological ones: the need for adequate food, water, shelter (or housing) and clothing (or essential body-cover). Safety needs -- that is, "ontological security" (Giddens) and "freedom from fear and anxiety" (Cooper, et al, 1998: 33) -- more-or-less follow. The two are, indeed, essentially overlapping and concurrent basic needs. 

Generically, our needs are built into our human condition and -- particularly with respect to the first three rungs in Maslow's hierarchy (the third being 'Belonging and Affection') -- underpin our survival and 'sociality' as a species. Our wants, on the other hand, are relatively optional -- important as esteem and self-actualization may be, to varying degrees, to individuals seeking a fulfilling and 'rewarding' life.

CONCEPT: Hunger

Hunger: It is the rare individual who has never felt the pangs of hunger at some point, between 'breakfast' and supper (or supper and 'breakfast'), during the recurrent 24-hour cycles of Earth Day. Feeling hungry, like feeling thirsty, is part of the human condition. It is the reason we routinely eat, or drink water. But the hunger that draws public attention is a significant threshold beyond that cycle; even though, unlike famine, it is generally individual-specific or household-specific, and more localized. 

Hunger does not necessarily result in a famine situation, even in areas where it is practically endemic. But all too periodically, still, famine sneaks in under the guise of such hunger -- even as alarm bells begin to ring. And then it 'breaks out' into a 'season' of extreme deprivation and death which --recognized as such by the humanitarian community due to a persisting food shortage over Time and across Space -- engulfs whole communities, regions of a country, or blocks of countries within particular 'regions' or geographical areas. 

CONCEPT: Hazard

Hazard: A hazard is a potential source of harm to individuals, groups or a wide array of processes, systems or ‘things’ of crucial value to us as individuals, groups, communities, organizations, institutions or society. A hazard is a ‘benign’ threat ready to ‘happen’ at any 'opportune' time. As Kasperson and Pijawka (1985: 8) see it, “Hazards may be broadly defined as threats to humans and what they value – life, well-being, material goods, and environment”. 

In a way, a hazard exists "out there" -- linked to a sort of trip-wire. It becomes a risk as we approach and encounter it within its 'sphere of influence' -- or range of 'attack'. In many instances, certainly not all, we can 'contain' or remain safe from that sphere or range of attack simply by not tripping the wire. That is, by staying away -- at a safe distance, or 'completely'. And yet, 'completely' is a relative term here.

A useful example in this context is the hazard that landmines pose. They are a hazard to those (herders, farmers, hunter-gatherers, children-at-play and the like) who live in the vicinity of mined areas, and a risk to those among them who actually venture into those (marked or unmarked) areas -- as in Angola and Mozambique in the recent past -- or where floods have shifted the deadly weapons of war to areas that state officials, citizens and aid workers can only guess at and attempt to re-map. Of course, such a shift turns what was hitherto a 'manageable' hazard into a new and potentially catastrophic risk for any victims.

CONCEPT: Just-In-Time

Just-in-Time (JIT): Almost inextricably associated with Japanese manufacturing and transportation industries, the JIT principle is a crucially important component of savvy logistics management in war and peace -- and during all sorts of emergencies and disasters. The underlying idea is to reduce to near zero the temporal and financial costs of warehousing or storing of supplies, components or finished goods -- and of getting them to the intended recipients or users. 

JIT relies massively on the soundness of established transportation routes, modes and means -- and related systems. Moreover, the forms of social overhead capital (SOC) ideal for specific large-scale deliveries and other kinds of response are usually beyond the control of those directly involved in sending and receiving goods and/or services. It is for such reasons that Government Service Packages (GSPs), for example, have been set up. They mitigate barriers to the timely delivery of humanitarian services during extremely large emergencies -- such as we saw during the 1994 genocide in Rwanda and, a decade later on 26th December 2004, the "Indian Ocean Rim" Tsunami. 

CONCEPT: Emergency

Emergency: In addition to the conceptualization of an emergency given above in connection with the notion of Disaster, we can see an emergency as any out of the ordinary event which threatens to do harm or actually does harm to human well-being, life and property; or to the natural environment. All disasters are emergencies, but not all emergencies are disasters. 

Another definition, once offered by FEMA to a business gathering, is that an emergency is: "any unplanned [we may add, or planned] event that can cause deaths or significant injuries to employees, customers or the public; or that can shut down your business, disrupt operations, cause physical or environmental damage, or threaten the facility's financial or public image."

FEMA's examples of emergency events -- which have served as an initial point of reference for many individuals and organizations just getting into the more conceptual aspects of their work -- include: fire, hazardous material incident, flood or flash flood, hurricane, tornado, winter storm, earthquake, communications failure, radiological incident, civil disturbance, loss of key supplier or customer and explosion.

UNHCR (2000: 4), true to its global mandate, defines Refugee Emergency as "any situation in which the life or well-being of refugees will be threatened unless immediate and appropriate action is taken, and which demands an extraordinary response and exceptional measures."

CONCEPT: Expert/Abstract Systems

Expert/Abstract Systems: These are systems (which increasingly subsume the notion of Artificial Intelligence, or AI) designed and built by technical or professional experts to (a) mimic and 'internalize' the expertise of experts and related rules of human reasoning, and (b) actualize semantic nets for classifying and organizing knowledge generated through such 'artificial' reasoning into 'actionable' forms and formats. All of this is intended to make key structures, processes and functions more predictable/ dependable and more efficient and robust, and life itself more livable (see Mike Harry, 2001: 119)

Giddens (1991: 27-8) sees expert systems in a broader sense as either "systems of technical accomplishment" or "professional expertise that organize large areas of the material and social environments in which we live." He includes among these systems the professions of law, architecture and medicine; and the technologies of auto and aircraft construction -- as well as the modalities which make both highway driving and air travel routine. 

There are many other expert systems, of course, such as: Remote Sensing and GIF, the Internet, Internet of Things, driverless automobiles, Social Media (such as Twitter, WhatsApp, Facebook), ride-share systems, CCTV monitoring, satellite communication, drone-based deliveries, mobile-money, and the like.

CONCEPT: Resilience

Resilience: This refers to a capacity for, or degree of, hardiness or self-renewal observable in a variety of organisms, species-types or systems of all kinds when confronted with disturbances, attacks emanating from their environments, or from within them. 

Resilience does not mean freedom from disturbances or attack or change, but rather that the organism or entity so challenged has the capacity or ingenuity to survive and recover from (or reconfigure against) them. It does so using resources from within itself, or from a broadly conceived environment. 

Resilient entities and systems are to be understood as sufficiently adaptable, durable and/or innovative when confronted with even extreme stress. They are not necessarily stable and unchanging regardless of the challenges (see, for example, Burnes, 2000: 206), but they are survivors. 

Here below is a useful definition of resilience from ICLEI (= Local Governments for Sustainability). It is written with specific reference to the idea of a 'Resilient City' in today's context of climate change, but is in many ways generic in its applications:

"A 'Resilient City' is prepared to absorb and recover from any shock or stress while maintaining its essential functions, structures, and identity as well as adapting and thriving in the face of continual change. Building resilience requires identifying and assessing hazard risks, reducing vulnerability and exposure, and lastly, increasing resistance, adaptive capacity, and emergency preparedness" (see ICLEI)  

READ: Program for Resilient Cities 2018 

CONCEPT: Emergency Toolkit

Emergency Toolkit: A toolkit is more than one tool. It is a combination (collection, array or repertoire) of tools. In the context of emergency and disaster management, a combination of complementary tools is used to respond to or preempt or otherwise manage all the interrelated components of the critical event in question. But, given the practical challenges typically faced in emergency situations, there will probably be frequent need for something bigger than a kit -- that is, something like a toolchest, or a container, or even a convoy of container-loads.

Thus, broadly speaking, the term tool refers to a range of practical resources: technologies – hardware, software and orgware (and even spiritware) – systems, processes, methods, procedures ("How Tos"), templates, standards, indicators, questionnaires, checklists, guidelines, forms, formats, formulae, plans, blueprints, manuals, records, reports and references.

An emergency toolkit is therefore a basket of emergency management resources available for use by specialized staff and others involved in the various stages of an emergency: mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery.

In an Emergency Toolkit Laboratory of one kind or another, participants are called upon to scrutinize, open up, dissect, dismantle, unpack (= disassemble, take apart or un-bundle in a controlled way), test, tinker with, experiment with and/or repackage (= re-assemble in a value-adding way) high-value resources.

Furthermore, lab participants endeavour to:
(a) catalogue and describe the tools that we can identify from our readings, discussions or experiences;

(b) "un-package" available tools and critically evaluate them as a preamble to modifying them or re-packaging them, or coming up with better or entirely new ones; and

(c) following all that, put together various toolkits and specify their uses based on (or in relation to) certain emergency scenarios that they (the participants) concurrently develop, or cases that they cite, interrogate and draw informed inference from.

Note:
1. Orgware = the organizational contexts and/or ownership claims attached to specific tools or technologies of interest.
2. Spiritware = The spiritual dimensions, preconditions and/or connotations that emergency actors of one kind or another may attach to certain technologies or their use thereof.

On the Difference Between Method and Methodology

"What is the difference between methods and methodology in research?" This question was very recently asked in LinkedIn's "Research, Methodology, and Statistics in the Social Sciences" Group, which currently has 137,052 members. A number of answers were given, including one from me. I've chosen to share mine below, preferring to start with Methodology: 

Methodology is the study or theory or interrogation of a range of Methods of scientific/scholarly research in terms of their relative/respective appropriateness to solving specified types or sets of research problems. Methods, on the other hand, are the actual techniques (not 'tools', which are a different kettle of fish) of data collection and analysis, respectively, that we use in particular studies. 

In principle, the Method(s) we use in a given study is/are determined to be fit for the (stated) purpose -- the problem statement -- in terms of the Methodology or Methodologies they are couched in and, moreover, broadly accepted by the Gatekeepers (our peers and revered precursors) in our respective disciplines. 

It is common knowledge that, nowadays, Methodologies and Methods cut across various disciplines and sub-disciplines.

Top 10 Popular Posts on the Mauri Yambo Blog, Last 30 Days ~ Released May 20, 2018

This Blog's list of Top 10 Popular Posts of the 'Month' is auto-generated. It ranks the posts that were most frequently viewed during the period -- but does not capture the viewers' personal details. The definition of the 'Last Month ' (or 'Last 30 Days') used by Blogger (which is owned by Google and which hosts this Blog) in fact refers to the last 29 days of the month up to "now". 

Thus, the present list, focusing on the 'Last 30 Days', captures viewers' engagements with each listed post during the 29-day period which runs from "now" -- just before the publication of this post -- all the way back to the 'start of day' at 3:00 AM (GMT+3) on April 21st; that is, at the GMT+3 border-line of April 20th/April 21st, 2018. The total number of page-views during the month up to "now" stands at 48,000+. It is those viewers' choices, out of 1,200+ posts published on the blog, that we have captured on the Top 10 List below.

We will continue in the weeks and months ahead to publish this rolling list of "Top 10 Popular Posts of the 'Month'" -- in which the 'month', to reiterate the point already made, refers to the period of 29 days culminating in the moment of publication (or release) rather than the calendar month as such. That moment of release will be indicated, but does not have to be precisely 3:00 AM. 

Here, then, is our list of this Blog's Top 10 Popular Posts of the last 'Month' (as captured "now" on May 20th, 2018 at 10:16 PM ~ GMT+3): 

[To view any of the 10 posts below, you may have to Right Click on the link of interest to you and choose the "Open link in new window" option]

• 1. LingalaPop, Volume 5
• 2. Pursuit of Happiness: Aiye Mi by El Phlex ft. Orit...
• 3. Mafikizolo and Yemi Alade sing for Love in "Ofana ...
• 4. MUSIC (Togo): Teré Teré by Toofan
• 5. LingalaPop, Volume 6
• 6. MUSIC: Someone Call 911 For Yemi Alade in TZ, Pron...
• 7. Ferre Gola's Porte Monnaie, feat Gout ~ #LingalaPo...
• 8. Jangilova: Seyi Shay's Jungle Love
• 9. Receive Posts By Email For Free From The Mauri Yam...
• 10. LingalaPop, Volume 7

LISTS PREVIOUSLY RELEASED APPEAR BELOW:
1. Top 10 Popular Posts on the Mauri Yambo Blog, Last 30 Days ~ Released May 12, 2018
2. Top 10 Popular Posts on the Mauri Yambo Blog, Last 30 Days ~ Released May 5, 2018
3. Top 10 Popular Posts on the Mauri Yambo Blog, Last 30 Days ~ Released April 28, 2018
4. Top 10 Popular Posts on the Mauri Yambo Blog, Last 30 Days ~ Released April 21, 2018
5. Top 10 Popular Posts on the Mauri Yambo Blog, Last 30 Days ~ Released April 14, 2018
6. Top 10 Popular Posts on the Mauri Yambo Blog, Last 30 Days ~ Released April 07, 2018 
7. Top 10 Popular Posts on the Mauri Yambo Blog, Last 30 Days ~ Released April 01, 2018
8. Top 10 Popular Posts on the Mauri Yambo Blog, Last 30 Days ~ Released March 27, 2018

9. Top 10 Popular Posts on the Mauri Yambo Blog, Last 30 Days ~ Released March 16, 2018.