McLuhan, the media sociologist/guru who coined the term 'Global Village', propounded Four Laws of Media which capture a veritably spiraling dialectic -- a quaint, never-ending, forth-and-back cyle of Synthesis-Antithesis-Thesis-Synthesis -- of media technology and segmented social life.
I read the Four Laws as follows:
1. EXTENSION/AMPLIFICATION: As they come to the fore, new media technologies extend the reach of certain pre-existing capacities of Mind and aspects of Body.
2. REVERSAL/'COUNTER-DIALECTIC': All media revolutions embody the trigger or potential for reverse motion (a counter-dialectic); that is, for a step-back from the gains they represent -- for a reset to a bygone era.
3. RETRIEVAL/RECURRENCE: Newly-invented media tend to resuscitate the senses, skills and/or sensibilities which the displaced technological order had dulled,'suppressed' or obscured.
4. OBSOLESCENCE: New media in effect coopt certain older modes of communication even as they declare them 'obsolete' and render them ineffective; and they do so because the latter do not allow themselves to disappear entirely, even as the impression of something altogether new takes root in the landscape.
PostScript: Do read this 2012 paper:
Sandstrom, Gregory.2012. "Laws of Media -- The Four Effects: A McLuhan Contribution to Social Epistemology" Social Epistemology Review and Reply Collective 1 (12): 1-6
Friday, April 15, 2011
Wednesday, April 13, 2011
Questions of a Life: Haiku
Will it rain or shine?
Be my baby safe n'yo hands?
Where'd Time go 2 die?
Be my baby safe n'yo hands?
Where'd Time go 2 die?
On the Incident Command System (ICS) as a Model of Response to Emergencies and Disasters
In their search for ways to improve the effectiveness of their work through cutting-edge models or templates, disaster managers will quickly come across the idea of the Incident Command System (ICS).
ICS is obviously a much-touted integrated solution, but a solution for what? ICS was never intended to prevent or reduce the occurrence of incidents -- emergencies or disasters of various kinds -- but to respond optimally to them after they had occurred, whenever and wherever. An incident is something that has occurred, or is occurring. To a degree, of course, an incident can also be taken to mean something ("just") about to occur.
The task of preventing incidents from occurring, however, is the task of those charged with prevention or, in a specific sense, mitigation. Mitigation here alludes to proactive or pre-emptive measures taken to minimize the impacts of incidents before they actually occur, even when their occurrence is much anticipated -- that is, "around the corner".
An evaluation of ICS must therefore be restricted to its applicability or effectiveness in responding to incidents, not in preventing them.
Yes, you can minimize mortality and alleviate morbidity through appropriately designed, timely and effective responses to incidents which are on-going or have already occurred. However, the important point here is that ICS was never meant to prevent incidents that lead to injury, death and/or destruction of property from becoming such incidents in the first place.
UPDATE: ICS link updated on March 6, 2018
ICS is obviously a much-touted integrated solution, but a solution for what? ICS was never intended to prevent or reduce the occurrence of incidents -- emergencies or disasters of various kinds -- but to respond optimally to them after they had occurred, whenever and wherever. An incident is something that has occurred, or is occurring. To a degree, of course, an incident can also be taken to mean something ("just") about to occur.
The task of preventing incidents from occurring, however, is the task of those charged with prevention or, in a specific sense, mitigation. Mitigation here alludes to proactive or pre-emptive measures taken to minimize the impacts of incidents before they actually occur, even when their occurrence is much anticipated -- that is, "around the corner".
An evaluation of ICS must therefore be restricted to its applicability or effectiveness in responding to incidents, not in preventing them.
Yes, you can minimize mortality and alleviate morbidity through appropriately designed, timely and effective responses to incidents which are on-going or have already occurred. However, the important point here is that ICS was never meant to prevent incidents that lead to injury, death and/or destruction of property from becoming such incidents in the first place.
UPDATE: ICS link updated on March 6, 2018
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